historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pm
Science offers tentative conclusions based on logic and scientific evidence. At best, all you've offered is historical evidence and some logic
Well, yeah. What we are debating here is an historical event -- the election last November -- which makes this fundamentally a historical (rather than scientific) question.
And the way history (the discipline) works is that historians evaluate the available historical evidence in the light of our background knowledge (i.e., the prior probability of similar historical events), and then draw conclusions as to which hypothesis best explains the available evidence.
This debate has not been a historical matter. Sure, now the election is over, but keep in mind that we've been debating the issue on this thread since early November, before all of the results were even in. Most of my points about recounts and added oversight were made when recounts could've still happened.
I know you've apologized for taking a long time to respond and I accept (not that I really held it against you, except when responding to this specific point of yours), but forgetting key points and times are among some of the negatives of waiting too long to respond.
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pmYou've argued as if your scenarios are the only possible ones.
The scenarios we examined earlier in the thread were just
examples -- so I'm not sure why anyone would mistakenly think they are the only possible ones -- and designed to unpack some of the factors that mitigate against fraud going undetected.
After discussing those, you concluded -- rightly, I think -- that large-scale fraud is not simple or easy to get away with and would most likely leave behind evidence. So that exercise achieved its goal.
I can accept that it would be easier to get away with small scale fraud than large scale fraud, but I still maintain we don't know the extent of errors when oversight is lacking. So I can't rule out the possibility of large scale fraud/errors happening and going undetected.
So far, we've found cases where absentee ballots numbering in the thousands were not counted. We've found cases where voter applications weren't even processed and 2400 voters were made ineligible to vote because of it. You might say that at least these errors or fraud were caught, but it doesn't help that they were caught AFTER an election and that's only the case IF a candidate presses the matter and is able to get recounts, something which we know is not ordinarily done by all 50 states. Would some of these errors be caught if no one pressed for more action (e.g investigations, recounts, etc.) that go beyond what would ordinarily be in place for an ongoing election?!
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pmIf I were a scientist on this matter, I would be requesting empirical evidence in the form of RECOUNTS as opposed to just offering history or logic based on theoretical scenarios.
Having more evidence is always preferable. But, as is often the case, we are not in a position here to "request" more evidence. And so we are left to draw conclusions based on the
available evidence, which necessarily then involves making
probability assessments.
Well, as of today, we're limited, but back during the time before the results or even up to the time that legal disputes were allowed, more investigations and recounts could've been done. You also keep bringing up
your probability assessments (i emphasize your because of your selective scenarios), but here's what Dr. Fauci has to say about models or projections (from
U.S. News & World Report):
Fauci says models are useful, but they represent well-informed guesswork. They involve a wide span of possible results, from a best-case scenario to calamitous impacts. Usually the mid-range estimate gets cited. But sometimes, it's worst-case projection.
Dr. Fauci's point applies to your probability assessments, but instead of using worst-case projections, you used the best-case projections by selecting scenarios that would favor Biden. It's also worth noting that a lot of the models that Dr. Fauci was referring to have been off in their predictions.
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pm
Well you have offered a lot of theoretical explanations as to why there wouldn't be cheating. When I suggested a more empirical route, such as RECOUNTS, which would involve verifying your claims since it involves actually looking for cheating, rather than just THEORIZING about cheating based on past cases, you seem to be against that.
I'm not "against" recounts. If Trump wanted those done he easily could have requested them. I'm simply unwilling to remain agnostic about what
likely occurred in this election just because he didn't.
And it's not clear to me why you have invested so much in the idea of recounts. Recounts, as their names suggest, usually just re-tabulate the already accepted ballots. An audit would be more likely to look for "cheating."
Well I'm not just interested in manual recounts, but also recounts done under good oversight. I defined what good oversight earlier. It involves being proactive by having oversight (in the form of laws, guidelines, observers, etc) in places where there is potential to cheat.
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pm
I've offered logic and evidence that shows that we aren't in a position to know if cheating occurs and its frequency.
No, I think what you've shown is that we can't be
absolutely certain of the frequency of fraud.
But you also already agreed (way back in
post #18) that "we can never be absolutely certain," so your argument ultimately has little force.
Not only can we not be absolutely certain, but I would say we're not even "reasonably" certain. We don't have oversight for areas where there is potential for cheating. I mean in some cases, the poll watchers weren't even able to see what was being counted. What's the point of having poll watchers, if they can't watch the manual processing of ballots? Why require ID for buying alcohol to confirm identity, but not require ID at the time of voting? This is basic - common sense requirements that are lacking.
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pmAnd unlike you, I'm not just going to say there is no cheating just because there's no evidence of it.
That is, of course, not what I said. I said that large-scale cheating is
likely to produce evidence (a point you agreed with), and so if there is no evidence of large-scale cheating it
likely didn't occur.
Not quite. You also have to factor in if there is good oversight to catch cheating. Sure there would be evidence left behind, but would it be discovered or covered up? As I said earlier, it doesn't help that evidence if oftentimes discovered AFTER an election, and usually only if a candidate presses the matter.
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pmI'd expect it to be hard to catch much evidence if there is a lack of oversight.
But here, again, scale matters. Large-scale cheating is more
likely to be caught because there are far more opportunities for election officials to notice it. So if there is no evidence of large-scale cheating it
likely didn't occur.
More likely to get caught, doesn't mean that it will get caught, especially if you have no way of catching it. If a election official decides not to upload 2,000 votes, as we've seen in Georgia, then that wasn't caught until AFTER the election and because of a manual recount. That number could've easily been 5,000, and I say this because the voters have no way of knowing if their vote was actually counted, as opposed to just knowing that their ballot was accepted.
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pm
They have but when there's a dispute, I don't remember them just brushing it off as if it's nothing. I can understand accepting state results that are not disputed, but that shouldn't be done when there's a dispute or even an investigation.
I can appreciate this in the abstract. But what I think you're not fully accounting for in this particular case is the fact that Trump was claiming fraud even
before the election itself, which strongly suggests his claims were not being made in good faith (his penchant for lying suggests that as well). And surely we cannot fault people for treating bad-faith claims with less seriousness.
Before the election, he was making claims about the
potential for fraud. Then after it look like he won or had massive leads in some key battleground states on the night results were supposed to be announced, his leads started fading away as absentee ballots were counted. So he concluded from that it was due to cheating.
I didn't disagree with Trump about bringing up the potential for cheating, but I disagreed with him when it came to claiming that there was ACTUAL cheating before completing his investigation.
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pm
That would depend on when Democrats were making up their mind. Some made up their minds even before any court cases. I only know that you made up your mind after court cases because you stated that. In my case, my arguments were not based just on Trump's arguments and that's why I say there's some partisanship involved here.
I'm not sure I appreciate your point here. If
both Democratic and Republican political commentators reached the conclusion that Trump's legal challenge was likely doomed, then how is that conclusion "partisan"? The mere fact it concerns Trump does not,
ipso facto, make it partisan.
Some Republicans jumped on the bandwagon later on, and it was probably just a handful before the deadline for legal disputes. However, just look at this thread or other forums I participated in. It's fair to say that those disagreeing with Trump, and at a time before the legal deadline for disputes, were overwhelmingly Democrats. Having 95% Democrats and 5% Republicans agree on something can hardly be called "bipartisan".
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
AgnosticBoy wrote: ↑Sun Jan 31, 2021 1:39 pm
Do you see that you made a distinction between a perfect election, which is what my first point addressed, and a reasonable one (my second point addresses that?)
Not really, as it's still unclear to me -- after all this time -- how you
personally are defining the term "fair election." When I've pointed to problems with the first definition, you disowned it. But then in subsequent replies you went back to it.
A fair election is one with reasonable oversight. The fact that it's harder to buy alcohol than it is to vote effectively illustrates my point.
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
Civics Academy
"An election is considered ‘free’ when you can decide whether or not to vote and vote freely for the candidate or party of your choice without fear or intimidation. A ‘free’ election is also one where you are confident that who you vote for remains your secret."
Is it free when the options are highly fixed or restricted? You gotta be rich, powerful, or have some connections with either of the two. I can see if that was the only way to have elections, but it does not need to be that way. It's made that way by those in power, and not by the American people.
historia wrote: ↑Sat Feb 20, 2021 5:41 pm
I understand the point you're trying to make here, but you're overloading the term "free election" with ideas that are not normally associated within it. Perhaps the term "democratic election" better reflects what you are getting at?
Is it overloading or overrestricting?!