How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

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How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #1

Post by otseng »

From the On the Bible being inerrant thread:
nobspeople wrote: Wed Sep 22, 2021 9:42 amHow can you trust something that's written about god that contradictory, contains errors and just plain wrong at times? Is there a logical way to do so, or do you just want it to be god's word so much that you overlook these things like happens so often through the history of christianity?
otseng wrote: Wed Sep 22, 2021 7:08 am The Bible can still be God's word, inspired, authoritative, and trustworthy without the need to believe in inerrancy.
For debate:
How can the Bible be considered authoritative and inspired without the need to believe in the doctrine of inerrancy?

While debating, do not simply state verses to say the Bible is inspired or trustworthy.

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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2241

Post by Diogenes »

There have been thousands of relics associated with Jesus and the crucifixion. Has even ONE been authenticated?
"The Shroud of Turin is the best-known and most intensively studied relic of Jesus.

In 1988, radiocarbon dating established that the shroud was from the Middle Ages, between the years 1260 and 1390. All hypotheses put forward to challenge the radiocarbon dating have been scientifically refuted, including the medieval repair hypothesis, the bio-contamination hypothesis and the carbon monoxide hypothesis."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relics_as ... with_Jesus

The search for relics of the crucifixion has been going on for 2000 years. Even as a young Christian more than 60 years ago I thought they were nonsense, starting with the "Holy Grail." Even a child was aware, among other things, of the crazy improbability of an ornate, jewel encrusted cup being used either at the humble "last supper" or to offer Jesus a drink on the cross.
... that most famous of Christian relics, sought by the Nazis in real life and by Indiana Jones and Robert Langdon in the realms of fiction: the Holy Grail.

The Holy Grail, it turns out, is never mentioned in the Bible, nor in any of the biblical apocrypha. While it may have been referenced earlier, it is largely an invention of medieval Arthurian romances....

... the word “grail,” which means an earthenware cup, to the idea of the Holy Chalice, which is referenced in the Bible (Matthew 26: 27-29). But the idea that this cup, which inspires the Eucharistic drinking of wine, appeared at the crucifixion, or that it possesses some supernatural properties, appears to be an invention of a poet living some 1,100 years after Christ.

That did not stop centuries of people from believing in it (and assuming that it had biblical origins). Certain Nazi high-ups, including Hitler and Himmler, believed that religious relics could grant magical powers....
But has anyone found it? I mean, the real one?

There are several candidates. In the red corner, we have the Valencia Chalice, the santo caliz, preserved in a spectacular reliquary and visited by hundreds of thousands of pilgrims. It is carved of blood-red agate with a base of chalcedony (a quartz-like stone), likely made in Palestine or Egypt around the 1st century BC or AD. In the green corner, we have the Sacro Catino, pride of Genoa Cathedral, which is hexagonal and made of green glass, discovered in Caesarea in 1101 but not described as the Holy Chalice (much less the Holy Grail) until the 13th century. It looks like something out of a sci-fi film from the 1950s. In 1432, it was described as having been carved out of “a single emerald,” and was looted by Napoleon in 1805, only returning to Genoa in 1816.

There is one major problem with these two leading candidates. A problem, it should be said, which has not inhibited the enthusiasm of those hundreds of thousands of pilgrims. As fans of "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade" will know, neither of these mega-expensive, elaborate chalices looks anything like the cup a voluntarily impoverished Jewish tekton circa 32 AD would drink from at a Passover seder with his equally humble friends.

https://www.salon.com/2017/04/23/what-y ... oly-grail/
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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2242

Post by Athetotheist »

[Replying to otseng in post #2238
Then do you concede there are currently no viable naturalistic explanations for the TS?
Do you concede that there could be naturalistic explanations for the TS?

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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2243

Post by Diogenes »

Athetotheist wrote: Tue Apr 11, 2023 2:23 pm [Replying to otseng in post #2238
Then do you concede there are currently no viable naturalistic explanations for the TS?
Do you concede that there could be naturalistic explanations for the TS?
I concede that despite the strong evidence of fakery noted by all independent sources, Christians and their pseudo science lackey's will never accede to the truth. And why should they? They live in a world where science and facts are inconvenient to supernatural beliefs and claims. This is why, when in a weak moment, I bother to respond to the nonsense of Shroud Believers or Flat Earthers or Pseudo Earth Sciences Guys, I regret the bother. Responding to such silliness only encourages the pointless fray... like fanning the flames of an unwanted fire.

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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2244

Post by otseng »

Diogenes wrote: Tue Apr 11, 2023 11:28 am That's the problem with religion in general and chasing relics in particular. Religion poisons everything, turning rational objective scientists into advocates.
I do not discount religion can poison things, but everything can poison things - money, politics, sex, drugs, atheism, etc.
Chasing religious relics is a goofy and perhaps blasphemous* obsession.** Erasmus once remarked that many buildings could be constructed just from the wood of fake crosses. The most interesting, laughable and perhaps most emblematic of relics is the foreskin of baby Jesus.
I'm not arguing for the authenticity of those other relics.
the blood of the Oviedo Shroud.
This one I do believe is legit. I will be discussing this when I cover the provenance of the TS.
outsiders say that the group's religious bias is strong enough to warrant its exclusion from the upcoming trials.
This is such a ridiculous claim because one can read all the reports from STURP and see religious beliefs had nothing to do with their methodology. Sure, the conclusions are compatible with religious belief, but not their methodology. They did pure science to reach their results.
For Mueller, it is "an argument on a higher plane—an argument of physical laws and mathematical principles." Accepting a super natural explanation could change "the way we look at the world," he says. "Science has never had to frame a supernatural process."
This is false. Cosmology and physics have already entered the non-natural realm.
Harry Gove, whose laboratory at the University of Rochester was among those chosen for the dating tests, said he "wouldn't touch it [the analysis] with a ten-foot pole" if STURP was involved. "The trouble is they're all people who actually have a pretty strong belief it's Jesus's shroud, and it bothers the hell out of me they're the only ones so far who've carried out any kind of scientific measurements," he said.
And who's the one that's biased here?
Gove and Garman Harbottle, a senior chemist at Brookhaven National Laboratory who has been associated with STURP, as a skeptic, for 10 years, were refused access to the shroud in 1978.
Not so sure about this claim.
"It's very difficult for scientists to talk to Cardinals," Gove remembers.
Even to this day this is true.
Nobody's faith depends on it …I don't care which way it falls."
This is a true statement. Most Christians have little to no knowledge of the TS. So, the TS has had no impact on their faith.
Dinegar and other STURP members see no inherent conflict between science and religion.
This is true as well.
But Dinegar maintains he wears only his scientist's hat during his work on the Shroud.
Anyone can read the reports from STURP to confirm this.
"The fundamental problem is personal egos," asserted Roger Morris, a physicist at Los Alamos who participated in the 1978 tests. Morris was hesitant to become involved at first, fearing the Vatican would try to influence results.

But "I did not see that," he remembered. "What I saw was a lot of personal bickering because someone was excluded."
This highlights the difference between the STURP team and the C-14 team. There was no such bickering that I've seen in STURP. Whereas the C-14 team had bickering from the start.

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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2245

Post by otseng »

Diogenes wrote: Tue Apr 11, 2023 12:16 pm All hypotheses put forward to challenge the radiocarbon dating have been scientifically refuted
If this is true, then it should be easy to counter the C-14 objections I presented.
The search for relics of the crucifixion has been going on for 2000 years. Even as a young Christian more than 60 years ago I thought they were nonsense, starting with the "Holy Grail."
I might even touch on the Holy Grail as well later on.
Even a child was aware, among other things, of the crazy improbability of an ornate, jewel encrusted cup being used either at the humble "last supper" or to offer Jesus a drink on the cross.
I believe over 99.999% of all Christian relics are fake. None of those relics even remotely come close to the amount of scientific study of the TS.

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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2246

Post by otseng »

Athetotheist wrote: Tue Apr 11, 2023 2:23 pm [Replying to otseng in post #2238
Then do you concede there are currently no viable naturalistic explanations for the TS?
Do you concede that there could be naturalistic explanations for the TS?
Sure there could be one in the future. Now your turn to answer my question.

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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2247

Post by otseng »

Getting back to McCrone again...

For my position, I do not discount McCrone finding iron oxide and vermilion particles on the shroud. The question is - is it sufficient to account for all of the body image and the blood stains? Again, even McCrone admits he cannot demonstrate this scientifically:
I am not saying the Shroud is not authentic. I am saying that the image area has a lot of iron
oxide and a lot of artist's pigment associated with it but I do not know whether the amount of
iron oxide present is sufficient to explain the entire image.
https://www.shroud.com/pdfs/sn002Oct80.pdf

In his paper, he admits only a small amount was visually detected:
There are very small amounts of pigment and me-
dium on the body-image fibers, undetectable except by
careful light microscopy at a minimum magnification
of 400x. The blood-image areas hold more solid ma-
terial as red ochre, vermilion, and collagen tempera but,
still, much less than a normal painting.
http://www.mccroneinstitute.org/uploads ... 560933.pdf

So, what explains the presence of trace amounts of iron oxide and vermillion? He acknowledges the explanations by STURP:
Some STURP
authors admit that the Shroud has protein, Fe2O3, and
HgS in image areas, but attribute the protein to blood,
the iron oxide to retting of the flax to form linen fibers,
and the vermilion to contact of the Shroud with painted
replicas (to transfer the divine powers of the Shroud).
http://www.mccroneinstitute.org/uploads ... 560933.pdf

It should be noted he provides no counter to these explanations and does not dispute them.

Alan Adler comments on particles found on the TS:
There is a relatively large amount of extraneous debris found on the surface of the Shroud,(5,7) e.g., wax, red silk fibers from the backing cloth, occasional traces of various types of artist's pigments (ascribed to either the artist who painted the Shroud itself(5) or alternatively to artists making copies of the Shroud and then sanctifying the copy by contacting it to the origina(l7)), pollens, hairs, insect parts, etc. Some of this material has historic value and context.
https://www.shroud.com/adler1.htm

So, by examining sticky tape samples, one could find a multitude of different kinds of particles, but that does not mean the entire shroud would be imaged by any of those particles.

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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2248

Post by Diogenes »

[Replying to otseng in post #2247]
In short, the material on the cloth has not been proven to be human blood.

'This figure illustrates the unanticipated cross-reactivity of antibodies with albumin expressed in other, relatively unrelated species that was not realized at the time the Shroud studies were performed (rat and cat). Other species that are also reported to cross-react with anti-human albumin antibody include mouse, dog, and wallaby.

Importantly, what has been recently realized is that blood from other, seemingly more diverse species (not originally examined), would have also tested positive in the preliminary tests to determine antibody specificity using albumin from various sources (Fig. 1). This cross-reactivity has been reported by numerous investigators across multiple disciplines in studies unrelated to the Shroud that have been conducted since the original samples were evaluated some forty years ago.
....
In summary, this perspective has outlined potential issues and challenges in the serological determination of blood species on objects, using the Shroud of Turin as a case example. As discussed, cross-reactivity precludes a definitive assignment of human or even primate blood being present on the Shroud; the blood is most correctly classified as species unknown. In cases where the objects’ origin and history are relatively unknown, it is best to both: i) consider a wide-range of possibilities for species origin, and ii) ensure that cross-reactivity and specificity of serological reagents are well-defined.
'
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... 0720300190

My own view, particularly in light of the extrinsic evidence* is that the artist used blood (likely animal, but possibly human as well) along with more traditional artists' media, to create the image in the 13th Century, making this just another of the 99.99% to100% of Catholoci "relics" that are fakes.
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*The extrinsic evidence for forgery has been amply listed previously, but includes:
The anatomical disparity (elongated, gothic face with eyes too high on the head, arms too long, etc.),
The forensic examination inconsistent with crucifixion,
The total absence of mention of 'the shroud' prior to the 14th Century,
That the Carbon 14 dating is consistent with the lack of historical references.
The lack of provenance.

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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2249

Post by Athetotheist »

[Replying to otseng in post #2246
Athetotheist wrote:Do you concede that there could be naturalistic explanations for the TS?
Sure there could be one in the future. Now your turn to answer my question.
My turn to answer your question? You still haven't answered my question about the absence of wraparound distortion.

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Re: How can we trust the Bible if it's not inerrant?

Post #2250

Post by otseng »

Diogenes wrote: Wed Apr 12, 2023 11:06 am In short, the material on the cloth has not been proven to be human blood.

As discussed, cross-reactivity precludes a definitive assignment of human or even primate blood being present on the Shroud; the blood is most correctly classified as species unknown. In cases where the objects’ origin and history are relatively unknown, it is best to both: i) consider a wide-range of possibilities for species origin, and ii) ensure that cross-reactivity and specificity of serological reagents are well-defined.'
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... 0720300190
Sure, I can accept it has not been proven to be human blood, but prior evidence supports it to be human blood. This report does not claim it cannot be human blood either. Instead, it notes, "Unfortunately, the amount of Shroud samples that were available to further confirm these results were limited, and the findings were never fully completed... The conclusion is only as strong as the data is able to effectively discriminate between the types of species that might be present; in this case, primate versus a select number of other animal types."

But one thing this report does not do is claim it is not real blood, unlike McCrone, who claims the blood stains are a result of paint.
The anatomical disparity (elongated, gothic face with eyes too high on the head, arms too long, etc.),
The forensic examination inconsistent with crucifixion,
The total absence of mention of 'the shroud' prior to the 14th Century,
That the Carbon 14 dating is consistent with the lack of historical references.
The lack of provenance.
Much of these will be covered when I talk about the history of the shroud and the theories of how the image was formed.

As for the "forensic examination inconsistent with crucifixion", are you referring to something other than the BPA experiment?

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